Researchers say that obesity, which costs NHS £6 billion annually, isn’t of a single type but instead can be categorised into six different types and that tailored strategies to tackle the menace will yield better and effective results.
The research, based on 4,144 obese individuals, concludes that those who have a BMI of 30 or over actually fit into one of six groups and strategies to successfully tackle weight loss should be tailored according to which group they fall into.
According to the study, led by Dr Mark Green from the University’s School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), the six groups are:
- Young males who were heavy drinkers;
- Middle-aged individuals who were unhappy and anxious;
- Older people who despite living with physical health conditions were happy;
- Younger healthy females;
- Older affluent healthy adults; and
- Individuals with very poor health.
Researchers highlighted the importance for health policy makers to recognise differences in individuals with obesity and to target or tailor interventions accordingly. The approach may not just be more effective in helping individuals to achieve a healthier lifestyle, but a targeted healthcare approach could also be a more efficient use of NHS services.
Dr Green, said: “Policies designed to tackle obesity and encourage healthier lifestyles often target individuals just because they are obese. But a focus on just the group as a whole is not very efficient. We are all different and different health promotion approaches work for different people.
“Our research showed that those in the groups that we identified are likely to need very different services, and will respond very differently to different health promotion policies.
“In the future, we hope that GPs will keep in mind these six groups when offering advice to their patients.”
Researchers suggested messages about alcohol reduction could help tackle obesity in young adults while for middle aged individuals who are unhappy and anxious an intervention involving increasing exercise mixed with psycho-social counselling could be beneficial. Young healthy females may not need any intervention, researchers said.
For those in the poorest health group the study showed advice surrounding exercise may not be reasonable and much more modest goals may be needed and for the affluent healthy elderly weight loss could be a priority.
Researchers used data from the Yorkshire Health Study and hope that their findings, which are published in the Journal of Public Health, will provide advice for policymakers and drive future studies into tackling obesity.
Great article, thanks! I think that nutrition should be reviewed. We eat a lot of seriously unhealthy food. A friend of mine writes an article about how important is the nutrition in a so chaotic alimentar world.